SJS - INSIGHT mEDICINE / MEDICATION

• Drug Metabolism: Variations in how individuals metabolize drugs can also play a role. Some people may metabolize a drug into a toxic compound that triggers the immune response leading to SJS.

Some individuals metabolize certain drugs into toxic compounds that can trigger Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS). This process involves the body's enzymes breaking down the medication into metabolites. In some cases, these metabolites can be harmful and cause an immune response that leads to SJS.

For example, genetic variations in drug-metabolizing enzymes can result in the production of reactive metabolites that bind to proteins in the skin, triggering an immune response. This immune response can cause the severe skin and mucous membrane reactions characteristic of SJS.

Understanding these metabolic pathways and genetic factors can help identify individuals at higher risk for SJS and guide safer medication use.

• High-Risk Medications: Certain medications are more commonly associated with SJS, including antibiotics (e.g., sulfonamides), anticonvulsants (e.g., phenytoin, carbamazepine), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Certain medications are more commonly associated with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS). These high-risk medications include:

1. Antibiotics: Such as sulfonamides and penicillins.
2. Anticonvulsants: Including phenytoin, carbamazepine, and lamotrigine.
3. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Such as ibuprofen and naproxen.
4. Allopurinol: A medication used to treat gout.

These medications can trigger SJS due to allergic reactions, genetic factors, or variations in drug metabolism that produce toxic compounds

 STEVENS JOHNSON SYNDROME SPECIALIST

Doctors who specialize in treating Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) include:

1. Dermatologists: These doctors specialize in skin conditions and are often the primary specialists involved in diagnosing and treating SJS.
2. Ophthalmologists: Since SJS can affect the eyes, ophthalmologists are crucial for managing eye-related complications.
3. Infectious Disease Specialists: They can help manage any infections that may have triggered or resulted from SJS.
4. Allergists/Immunologists: These specialists can help identify and manage allergic reactions that may have caused SJS.
5. Burn Specialists: In severe cases, SJS is treated similarly to burn injuries, so burn specialists may be involved in the care.

LACK OF Awareness: There is a lack of awareness among both the general public and healthcare providers about Stevens Johnson Syndrome condition and its symptoms. 

The mortality rate for Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) varies depending on several factors, including the severity of the condition and the patient's overall health. Here are some key points:

General Mortality Rate: The mortality rate for SJS is estimated to be around 5% to 10%.

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN): The more severe form of SJS, known as TEN, has a higher mortality rate, ranging from 25% to 40%.

Risk Factors: Factors such as age, underlying health conditions, and the extent of skin involvement can influence the mortality rate. For example, patients with HIV/AIDS or malignancies have a higher risk.

Early diagnosis of Stevens Johnson Syndrome and prompt medical treatment are crucial for improving survival rates